Peripheral IV cannula insertion is a common procedure in healthcare, in which a thin tube is placed into a vein of the peripheral circulatory system to administer fluids, medications, or blood products. This procedure requires accuracy, knowledge of the correct techniques and compliance with the applicable guidelines and safety measures. In this blog post, we will discuss the steps of the procedure, explain the guidelines and safety precautions, and the important role of healthcare providers in ensuring patient safety and comfort.
1. What is a peripheral infusion cannula? #
A peripheral infusion cannula is a thin tube that is placed through a needle into a peripheral vein, usually in the arm or hand. It serves as an entry point for administering fluids, medications, blood products, or collecting blood samples. The IV cannula can vary in size and length, depending on the patient’s needs and the purpose of the procedure.
2. Steps for inserting a peripheral IV cannula #
Insertion of a peripheral IV cannula requires care and a structured approach. Here are the general steps that can be followed:
- Make sure you have proper preparation, including gathering necessary materials such as an IV cannula, disinfectants, sterile gauze, and bandage.
- Identify an appropriate vein in the patient’s arm or hand.
- Explain the procedure to the patient and make sure he/she agrees to the procedure.
- Put on gloves and maintain good hand hygiene.
- Disinfect the area around the insertion site with a suitable disinfectant and allow it to dry.
- Open the IV cannula package and make sure it remains sterile.
- Hold the needle at an angle of about 15 degrees to the skin and gently insert it into the vein.
- Check that blood is flowing back into the needle to confirm that the cannula is correctly inserted into the vein.
- Gently slide the IV cannula over the needle and remove the needle while holding the cannula in place.
- Attach the cannula to the patient’s face with a patch or tape to hold it in place.
- Connect the IV line to the cannula and check that there are no leaks or problems.
3. Guidelines and safety measures #
To ensure patient safety and comfort, it is crucial to follow the guidelines and safety measures in place during the insertion of a peripheral IV cannula. Here are some important guidelines and safety precautions:
- Hand hygiene: Maintain thorough hand hygiene before and after cannula insertion to prevent infections.
- Patient comfort: Inform the patient about the process and try to make the insertion of the cannula as comfortable as possible.
- Anatomy: Know the anatomy of the arm and hand to avoid damage to sensitive structures.
- Secure placement: Regularly check the placement of the cannula to ensure that it is still in the correct position.
- Compliance with regulations: Follow the regulations and guidelines of the healthcare facility regarding the frequency of cannula checking, replacement, and care.
- Observation: Observe the patient regularly for signs of discomfort, complications, or leakage around the cannula.
- Clear documentation: Accurately document the procedure, cannula placement, and any details in the patient file.
4. Caregivers and their role in the insertion of peripheral IV cannula #
Healthcare providers, such as nurses and doctors, play a crucial role in the insertion of a peripheral IV cannula. They must have the necessary knowledge, skills, and training to perform the procedure safely and effectively. In addition, good communication and empathy are important to reassure the patient and address any concerns. By applying proper techniques, following guidelines, and observing safety precautions, healthcare providers can contribute to the successful and safe insertion of the peripheral infusion cannula.
Conclusion #
Insertion of a peripheral IV cannula is an important procedure that requires care and adherence to guidelines. By following the appropriate steps, respecting the guidelines in place, and taking safety precautions, healthcare providers can ensure safe and effective insertion of the IV cannula. It is essential to have the necessary knowledge and training to perform this procedure correctly and ensure patient safety and comfort.
